Standard shaft keyway sizes. A list of standard keyway and corresponding key sizes for English shafts are listed below in Table 1. Standard shaft keyway sizes

 
 A list of standard keyway and corresponding key sizes for English shafts are listed below in Table 1Standard shaft keyway sizes D

5 mm 25 t 5025 to 50 mm 101. 84 in -0. Standard sizes shaft key bushing bore table keys non shallow bushings taperlock gates required specific includes eachTranseals keyway chart Keyway. This Standard covers the size, type and tolerances of parallel and taper keys and keyseats, and their relationship to shaft diameters and bore diameters. 5 +. The pulleys for KPS have the same dimensions as those for the STS standard pulleys. taper dimensions which is 1 in 16 up to and including 5 1/2" diameter. Woodruff Keys. Bore Diameter: 0. 3 Preferred length and weight of keys - Preferred length and weight of keys is given in Table 4. However, designers tend to forget that other important. D. The height of metric keys decreases by 1 mm for every 100 mm of length. Standard Keyways and Setscrews Diameter of Shaft Keyway Width × Depth Setscrew Diameter of Shaft Keyway Width × Depth Setscrew 1/2 - 9/16 1/8 × 1/16 10-24 2 5/16 - 2 3/4 5/8 × 5/16 5/8 * 5/8 - 7/8 3/16 × 3/32 1/4 2. Shaft standard key sizes table non bushing bore keys qd shallow range gates includes specific each alsoMetric plated key stock, shop home hardware products at low price Metric key ametricKey steel, metric sizes 4-12mm, assorted pack of 10. Our shaft keys stay in place and allow quick, hassle-free field replacement. Dimensions standard keyseat keyway shaft shafts diameter nominalStandard metric keys & keyways Shaft and hub keyway dimensionsKeyway keyways bores. 6. Keyway metric dimensions key iso tolerance js9 r773 width per depth hub t2 height radius text mill question answered hasnSolved 5. As noted above, when selecting a keyway tolerance, there are two common selections in the. 3125 0. Keyway depth and fillet radius. ANSI Woodruff Keys. The intent of ANSI/AGMA 9002-A86 was to offer designers and users standard dimensions and tolerances for inch bores, keys and keyways for flexible couplings. Machines shaft’s standard sizes are up to 25 mm with 5 mm step. Tapered keys are available with a square end or a. As noted above, when selecting a keyway tolerance, there are two common selections in the metric system. 000. This key stock is undersized, so keys will fit slightly more loosely than standard keys and are best for inconsistent keyways. 3,ForShafiendswith throu~, keyway the diameter of shaft end must be minimum 10 mm for centrehole of M3, for Centrehole M4Standard sizes are ready to use without any cutting or filing. This material is precision ground to offer tighter tolerances than standard 316 stainless steel. 4mm 8mm 2mm 9mm 12mm 11mm 4mm 4mm 14mm 15mm DIN 7154, H7 Metric. 4235 :. Shaft keyseat dimensions and tolerances. Referencing Figure 1, thekeyway dimension is W x T 1 . Machine Key and Woodruff Key Assortments. Look it up in Machinery's Handbook or some other shop reference. Shaft Diameter Key Size Keyway Width Keyway Depth Keyway Radius "D" Nominal Hub "W" Hub "T2" "R" Over Thru Width "W" Height "H" Nominal Min Max Min Max Min Max 6 8. link to pdf. The commonThis topic may be found in Machinery's handbook. 0625 0. The keyway dimensions are also different from the English system. 542. 375 / . This shaft is constructed out of cold finished (CF) 1018 steel with a 3/8" key depth, meaning that the standard square keystock size for the shaft is 3/4", which we stock. Careers; Rino Mechanical Components; COVID. For designs where unequal portions of the key are in the hub or shaft, h 1 is the minimum portion. The commonNotes: n Tolerances for bore and keyways are found in Engineering Data section (pages ED-10 and ED-11). Check Details. Keyway Standards – IMPERIAL Keyway Standards – METRIC Keysteel Merchandiser. 125, and the shaft is 1. The first is Js9. 1-1967, ASME standard B17. Choose from our selection of locking collars, including two-piece shaft. Metric keys conform to DIN 6888 standards. 1265 0. ANSI-AGMA 9002 defines standard bore and keyway dimensions for shafts dimensioned in inch units, and ANSI-AGMA 9112 defines standard bore and keyway dimensions for shafts dimensioned in metric units. In this app is useful for key and Keyway size for Shaft. Standard External Metric Thread and Fastener Sizes M 0. British ISO Metric Screw Threads Designations. , depending on the lock nut size Mounting slots according to DIN 981 HM/HME and HM . 110 mm to 140 mm – 15 mm step. Coupling Diameter: 6. Page 1420 | Modi˜cation standads DIN 6885 Keyway, key details Extract Page 1 heavy type d b P9 / JS9 Hub keyway b P9 / N9 Shaft keyway h t 1 = d + t 2 t 2 t 3 = d – t 4 t 4 6 2 2 2 7 1 +0,1 4,8 1,2 +0,1 ways. as opposed to a standard key which will need to be pushed axially, or pulled out of its slot. 3mm 2. 5580. 012 in. The hub keyway isdimensioned by its width and depth on the shaft – keyway sides. The new catalogue 18. 02 Ø0. Keyway metric key iso dimensions standard keyways keys r773 pdf bores shaft hub depth diameter standards. shaft to the center of the keyway. in shape, and not square as in the English system. 350 Maximum 2. 093 / . LINTECH ® C C-4 Specifications subject to change without notice Ordering Guide ES, ARS & LSRS Series 8 - 0. When selecting the set screw size, you should select a size where the indentation on the end of the screw is apparent on the cylindrical surface of the shaft. 225-7008). Clean and degrease the shaft. 5 2012 10028 248. Standard sizes shaft key bushing bore table keys non shallow bushings taperlock gates required specific includes eachTranseals. These shafts have keyways only on the ends, leaving a plain shaft in the. Minimum keyseat width is that figure permitting the largest shaft. Metric woodruff keys are supplied to din 6888 / iso 3912 in c45k keyKeyway hallite Keyway chartShaft keys. Shaft Stresses Standard stress equations can be customized for shafts for convenience. They provide a strong fastening5 Dimensions and tolerances of Woodruff keys and keyways 3 6 Dimensions of tangential keys and keyways 16 7 Dimensions of keys and keyways for marine tailshafts 17 8 Keys and keyways for tapered shaft ends 19 Appendix A Preferred lengths of keys 20 Appendix B Approximate equivalents of metric and inch units 22 Figure 1 — Variation in keyway. 000 / +0. ), keyways and installed set screws. 1265 0. Unless otherwise specified, the shaft keyway is assumed to be standard. A list of the standard key sizes and. DIN-Keys & Keyways to ISO Diameter d in accordance to DIN 6885/1 in accordance to DIN 6885/3 above to Width b 1) Depth h Shaft Keyway Depth t₁ Hub Keyway Depth d = t₂ Width b 2) Depth h Shaft Keyway Depth t₁ Hub Keyway Depth d = t₂ mm mm mm mm mm mm mm. In this app English or British Size Key and Keyway are availble. They provide a strong fasteningJust to determine what flange and shaft of pump or motor you have, please see below excerpts from the next standards: SAE J744. (0. Unless otherwise specified, the shaft keyway is assumed to be standard. 015: c +0. 38 to 3. Taper per Ft. J755_201505. S. Size Shaft Dia. Keyway Depth (Normally 1/2 of width) Total Height (X) = Depth (Y) = Metric Calculator Bore Size. --keyway dimensionsKeyway chart diagram hallite. 010 / -. 5mm, and the key won't fit in the shaft at all. 000 for all standard keyways BORE, KEYWAY & SET SCREW INFORMATION MECHANICAL P. 5020 2. Square Drives for Socket Tools ASA B5. Choose from our selection of 1 7/16" shafts in a wide range of styles and sizes. 3D Printing & CAD. Keyway Bore (inches) Reference Height (d) 1. 7505. * These Width A values were set with the maximum keyseat (shaft) width as that figure which will receive a key with the greatest amount of looseness consistent with assuring the key's sticking in the keyseat (shaft). For a key to function, the shaft and rotating machine element must have a keyway, also known as a keyseat, which is a slot or pocket the key fits in. Metric Keyway Calculator. com. Square Keys preferred for shaft diameters above this line: rectangular keys, below Key 3 3/4 4 1/2 5 1/2 Shaft Key Size Versus Shaft Diameter ANSI B17. Steel keys offer good strength. 000",. 015"/-0. Drive Type Fastenings without Taper Action; Parallel Keys, Keyways, Deep. Affiliate Partners. E. These shafts have keyways only on the ends, leaving a plain shaft in the center. In manufacturing upon 6885 Information used with permission ot Martin 02007 Shatt Keyseats/Hub Keyways Standard Keyseats/Keyways Sra' IoW Square Keyways Metric: WxHKey W x T2 Keyway American Standard — Home; Metric Keyways Index page; Parallel Keys and keyway Dimensions; Parallel Keys and keyway Dimensions to BS 4235-1:1972 KeyWay & Key Dimensions. Machine keys play a vital role in many mechanical systems. Machine Key and Woodruff Key Assortments. Specialty Metals Compliant (252. 535. Connect two rotary shafts to change a system's speed, torque, and angle. 438 . Contact Us. 04 in inch mmKeyway parallel keyways metric t2 wxh boresKeyway key rectangular sizes shaft hub keyways specifying studylib Keyway tolerances boreParallel metric keys and keyway dimensions. Web Key Calculation A key of 8 mmx 7mm by 70mm long is selected. ) Imperial Sizes (inch. Do not include any keyway in your measurement. Keyway dimensionsMetric key keyway dimensions per iso/rtt3 js9 width Inch keyway chart ansi agma shaft key width b4 dimensions diameter nominal reference motor electricKeys keyway metric standard keyways sizes engineering shaft key parallel square fit fits mechanical data rectangular british limits figure. Keyways Index BS 46 Keys and keyway Dimensions-Parallel Rectangular. 314 . SQUARE KEYWAY DIMENSIONS - IMPERIAL - BS46:1 1958. 5. --keyway dimensions Keyway sizing chartDimensions standard keyseat keyway shaft shafts diameter nominal. 238 0. 1 - 1972. 628 raise the table that amount, you are. BS 4235 Pt. ON REQUEST - b = 14, 16, 18, 20 TECHNICAL INFORMATION - ISO-Fundamental Tolerances (see page A21 ) - Keyway type in the bore and the shaft (see page A16) - Stainless Steel characteristics (see page. com. MPa. 018: 4: 0 -0. Nominal key size b × h Applied shaft diameter d Key size Keyway size; b h c or r Standard size of b1 and b2 b1Tolerance (h9) b2 tolerance (E9) r1 and r2 t1 t2; Standard size Tolerance(h8) Standard size. in shape, and not square as in the English system. 000 / +0. The following tables show standard dimensions for keys and their grooves. Top. The hub keyway is dimensioned by its width and depth on the shaft – keyway sides. ANSI Standard Woodruff Key Size Table Chart ANSI B17. ISO 14:1982. Read more on how keys and keyways work and what types are available – Keys and Keyways. 3. For example, Gear drives, Pulleys or Sprockets are connected securely using keys to the power transmitting shaft. Unless otherwise specified, the shaft keyway is assumed to be standard. Product. Notes: n Tolerances for bore and keyways are found in Engineering Data section (pages ED-10 and ED-11). propeller hubs and keyways for shaft sizes 3/4 in (19 mm) through 8 in (203 mm). BS 4235-2:1977, ISO 3912-1977: Specification for metric keys and keyways - Woodruff keys and keyways. Locate keyways per Figure 6 and Table 8. All of the measurements listed on the product pages in inches without the keyway width or depth. Max. Minimum hardness, tensile strength. Spare engine that Briggs told me was identical that has a confirmed 1" shaft that is 3-5/32 long. One-pass keyway broaches are used for cutting the full width and depth of the workpiece in smaller run productions. Open the catalog to page 11addition to the standard sprockets, special sprockets may be available in the same styles . 2; ANSI Shaft and Hub Keyseat Dimensions for Woodruff Keys per. This shaft key installation requires a keyway on the hub and it does not require any keyway on the shaft. 1) Unless specified by the customer: 2) Actual shaft fit will vary depending on - Series S couplings supplied with actual shaft diameters. 587 / 2. 531" 0. 30)or the cap screws (bush size to 5050)and screw them in, do not tighten them yet. 60 mm to 100 mm – 10 mm step. The hub keyway is dimensioned by its width and depth on the shaft – keyway sides. The fewer the choices, the easier it is on engineers. DFARS Compliance. For technical drawings and 3-D models. Shaft keys, or machine keys, work by securing a rotating shaft to a hub assembly or gear thus transmitting torque from the shaft to a gear or sprocket. Therefore, keyways are required both on the shaft as well as the hub of the mating element. 002-0. 250 inch diameter 24 - 1. Standard Keyway Dimensions Shaft Diameter Set Screw Width Depth. 1 D Precision Type Standard Type 0. 360 Minimum 2. For more information, to get a formal quote on 3-7/16" keyed shaft, or for pricing on any of its accompanying components/ accessories please contact us and we will be happy to assist you. The hub keyway is dimensioned by its width and depth on the shaft – keyway sides. Parallel keys are the most widely used machine key. In manufacturing upon 6885 Information used with permission ot Martin 02007 Shatt Keyseats/Hub Keyways Standard Keyseats/Keyways Sra' IoW Square Keyways Metric: WxHKey W x T2 Keyway American Standard — Inches Shan 6. 015/-0. Shaft standard key sizes table non bushing bore keys qd shallow range gates includes specific each also Specifications for key stock Keyway dimensions metric key js9 iso tolerance per hub radius width depth diameter. 093 / . Mounting Hole Thread Size. Standard keyway dimensions Calculate Standard Shafts. 1 / 0 0. 109 - - 0. Keyway chart sizing key machine engineering keyways shaftKey and keyway dimensions (control in motion) Keys & keyways specificationKeyways keys dimensions metric parallel tolerances. 002 -0. Tough. Key & Keyway Dimensions – Millimeters Coupling Hub Keyway Dimensions – Inches Shaft. The deviations are less than the basic size. The saddle keys are classified into two types, they are. Standard metric keys & keyways. . ) Metric Sizes (mm) PART NO. Shaft (Arbor) Keyway Dimension Size Data -. 51966 2256053 18 11 90 20248 7 2506567. 3mm 2. 03 3 +0. Phone: (407) 347-3519. Phone: (407) 347-3519. Key and keyway dimensions (control in motion)Solved question 5: you have been tasked with designing a Gates belts, hoses, and applications: standard & non. A. BS 5686:1986, ISO 14-1982: Specification for straight-sided splines for cylindrical shafts: metric nominal dimensions, tolerances and gauging requirements. web parallel key and taper keys dimensions shaft keyway shear and yield strength formulae and product data skf web inch series n and an dimension standards iso 2982 2•Standard alternating and midrange stresses can be calculated 10 Shafts and Shaft Components 367 Most shafts will transmit torque through a portion of the shaft. Please note that the key sizes in parentheses are older sizes that are no longer commonly used. Help support us by. Check Details. 248" 1/4" 0. 003-0. Below is a reference on shaft diameters and the corresponding keys / keyways according to the prevailing standards. 424 Minimum 2. Unless otherwise specified, the shaft keyway is assumed to be standard. Fully-threaded, headless screw with a hex drive at one end and a protruding tip with a flat surface at the opposing end. drujba - Stihl 020 - schema. Figure 2 Keyway Sizes. 000 for over 30" to 40" dia. 1 SCOPE. All dimensions in inches. Minimum keyseat width is that figure permitting the largest shaft. Square Keys preferred for shaft diameters above this line: rectangular keys, below Key 3 3/4 4 1/2 5 1/2 Shaft Key Size Versus Shaft Diameter ANSI B17. 104 0. 350 Maximum 2. Shaft: Key. British ISO Metric Screw Threads Designations. This standard recognizes that there are two classes of stock for parallel keys presently used by industry. Bushings rest inside the arbor hole of your workpiece and act as guides to ensure rigid and accurate keyway cutting. keyways & keys dimension in accordance with BS 4235-1:1972: Specification for metric keys and keyways - Parallel and taper keys Keyway standard dimensions keyseat pdf printer friendly information. Key (engineering) In mechanical engineering, a key is a machine element used to connect a rotating machine element to a shaft. taper dimensions which is 1 in 16 up to and including 5 1/2" diameter. C. 8mm 2. Using equation [1], the minimum shaft size would be: Or, in metric units: To see how much of a safety factor is built into the above equations, substitute 400 hp for the 200 hp power. Shaft: Key: Keyway: Nominal Diameter d: Section b x h : Width Shaft & Hub b: Depth: Radius r: Shaft t 1: Hub t 2: Over: Inc: Nom: Tol. These shafts have keyways only on the ends, leaving a plain shaft in the center. 039. 000 Over 1" +0. 3. D. Choose from our selection of DIN 6885A machine keys, including machine key stock, rounded machine keys, and more. Woodruff keys work well near shaft shoulders and on tapered shafts. ISO/TC 14. 000. Shaft and hub keyway dimensionsKeyways shaft keyway coupling shafts drive apart rotate two installing should asked driver question common am if when What are shaft keyways. Account. Standard keyway sizes chartKeyway tolerance Keyway slot tolerancesMetric key keyway. D. - Series F couplings supplied with 4) All dimensions per AGMA 9002-A86Standard and/or project. 4235 : PART 1 : 1972 Parallel Metric Keys and Keyway Dimensions - Roy Mech. Standard Keyway Dimensions Shaft Diameter Set Screw Width Depth. A rounded bottom allows these keys to rock in their seat to relieve stress on the shaft caused by vibration or misalignment. 36" 2. Unless otherwise specified, the shaft keyway is assumed to be standard. A key is used for temporary fastening. 120. 000 +. W x T T H r T2 Metric Standard Parallel Keyway and Key Sizes Shaft Diameter Keyway Key (mm). Please note that the key sizes in parentheses are older sizes that are no longer commonly used. High Quality Keystock from USA Roller Chain and Sprockets. 002, -. Refer to Figures 4 and 5 and Tables 6 and 7 for recommended setscrew location and size. Author: Melyssa Kotecki Created Date: 4/29/2019 2:23:20 PM. ASME B1. The dimension drawings will show the flanges for each size. (ASME) Standard B106. Key shaft keyway dimensions. Keyway Broach 1/16 to 1-1/2 Inch, 2. For a shaft key to function properly, both the shaft and rotating elements ( gear, pulley, and coupling) must have a keyway and a keyseat. 6 mm. These keys have a rounded shape that makes them easy to remove when parts need to be taken apart frequently, such as for maintenance or prototyping. Choose from our selection of keyed shafts in a wide range of styles and sizes. Check Details. 8 mm. This standard is applicable to couplings as defined in ANSI/AGMA 9009D02, Flexible Couplings - - Nomenclature for Flexible Couplings, with inch bores and keyways. js9 widthKey shaft keyway dimensions keyed. Related. Machining of square shafts with rounded ends (with or without keyways) Other machining available upon request per prints provided (drill, tap, threading) For Keyway MM Dimensions – see the table at. 03 0. Fit pulley with taper bush on shaft and locate in desired position. all dimensions in inches Shaft Diameter Height 1/4 1/4 5/16 5/16 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 Min 0. 000. Here we can calculate rigid connections, namely the pinned, keyed, splined and flanged ones. - Series F couplings supplied with 4) All dimensions per AGMA 9002-A86 Straight-sided splines for cylindrical shafts with internal centering — Dimensions, tolerances and verification. We stock pre keyed shafting in many diameters, including metric diameters, with standard keyways. 120. Convert Or. In stock and ready to ship. 005" up to 1/4 and 0. 248 0. 095 . Referencing Figure 1, the keyway dimension is W x T 1. These shafts have keyways only on the ends, leaving a plain shaft in the center. Standard Metric Keys Keyways for Metric Bores with One Key; Keyway Cutter Hole Keyway Dimensional Data for MIlling Centers and Arbors - ANSI/ASME B94. Fit pulley with taper bush on shaft and locate in desired position. Appropriate fits can be established for each shaft size and published in a standard. They are also often used on tapered shafts. This pulley has an inside diameter of 3/4" If you know your drive pulley is running on a 1" shaft, or that your idler pulley uses 3/8" bolts, then it's safe to assume that the inside diameter is. # A Steel Size Std. British Standard :BS 46 Part 1 : 1958 Keys and keyways and taper pins. Check Details. This coupling offers standard shaft-to-shaft connection for general industrial-duty applications. 250 0. 025 mm and +0. Locate keyways per Figure 6 and Table 8. 002-0. 12. This International Standard specifies the dimensional characteristics of tangential keys and of their corresponding keyways in shaft and hub. 597 7/16 . 7 mm (25 Each)1) Unless specified by the customer: 2) Actual shaft fit will vary depending on - Series S couplings supplied with actual shaft diameters. Metric key keyway dimensions per iso/r773. In October’s column, I mentioned the typical tolerance for keyways. As noted above, when selecting a keyway tolerance, there are two common selections in the metric system. *0. 628 2. . 5. 2 standards for dimensions and tolerances. NON-STANDARD SHAFT TAPERS . Chart keyway torqueKeyway metric dimensions key iso tolerance js9 width r773 engineering depth hub t2 per mechanical height text radius nominal mill Gates belts, hoses, and applications: standard & non-standard shaft keyKeys standard metric keyways mechanical. Max. (Squared) **Keyway Part# Add to plain bore wheel Part# **Keyway Part# with 1 Set Screw (over keyway) Add to plain bore. ISO/R 774:1969. ← Keyway Size Chart Pdf Standard Metric Keyway Size Chart Pdf →. A capital letter refers to the hole size and lower-case letter refers to the shaft size. 656" 0. BS 4235 Pt. Check Details. To. To. Table 1 details the appropriate key slot and key sizes for various metric bores. drujba - Stihl 020 - schema. Design of Square Key and Keyway (Wood Ruff) Stress, Shear and Torque. Revision History Related Info. Choose from our. Metric Rectangular B. 010 inch, max is provided for offset (due to parallel displacement of keyseat centerline from centerline of shaft or bore) of keyseats in shaft and bore. 02 in h > 9. “Dimensions and identification code for mounting flanges and shaft ends of displacement pumps and motors”. Along with keyway size tolerances and keyway depth sizes, some standards also provide information on the recommended key size and keyway depth as a function of shaft diameter. 3/8"-16. 625 / . the key fits into the keyway on the sheft and the remaining half in the keyway on the hub. 312 / 2. 002-. This shaft is constructed out of cold finished (CF) 1018 steel with a 1/2" key depth, meaning that the standard square keystock size. Size 182T 184T 9 6 7 41/2 33/4 21/4 23/4 7/16 65/8 71/8 91/8 91/4 — 1. 3mm 5mm 5mm 5mm 5mm 6mm 6mm 6mm 8mm 8mm 22mm 24mm 16mm 17mm 19mm 20mm 25mm Keyway Width (w) 10mm 3mm 3mm 1. Choose from our selection of keyed shafts in a wide range of styles and sizes. In the absence of specific details, manufacturing will be based upon DIN 6885 - T1. 110 mm to 140 mm – 15 mm step. 4. 846. 500 inch diameter 12 - 16 - 0. ISO R 773 and. It is a standard type of key. All dimensions given in inches. A hollow shaft is a low weight than a solid shaft for the same torque. Check out our shaft keyway size chart as well to help you identify your needs. 1. Standard shaft sizes key bushing table qd non bore keys shallow range gates includes specific each alsoStandard keyway dimensions Taper keyway keyways gib roymech diameter bs radiusKeyway broach type hss inch push cnc cutting machine. See dimensions W and h in Figure 1. The system also applies to orthogonal or linear features such as slots and keys. The main advantage of the Woodruff key is the elimination of milling near shaft shoulders, where stress concentrations, [2]. TruKey® Shafting from Keystone is designed to provide the straightest, most accurate keyed shafting, in the industry. These Pages include various standards. WOODRUFF KEY DIMENSIONS ANSI Key No. DIN 6885-1 :- Key, Hub Keyway, Shaft Keyway Details and Dimensions. 14 mm. 000 Keyway Width ( w ) Over 1/2" to and including 1" +0. Interference Fit Bore Tol. Standard Metric Keys & Keyways for Metric Bores with One Key • Couplings (Page 2 of 2) All Types 427-140 Reo a 21 (P eso) oola e el 11 pesees 2 Telepoe 22 a 22 eoo Key & Keyway Dimensions – Millimeters Coupling Hub Keyway Dimensions – Inches Shaft Diameter “D” Key Size Nominal Keyway Width Hub “W” Keyway Depth Hub “T2” 1, the Metric key size is W x T. ) max. 1875 0. 8 mm. This key stock is undersized, so keys will fit slightly more loosely than standard keys and are best for inconsistent keyways. Also, T 1 and T 2.